CET vs UTC — cities and working rhythm
Most of continental Europe — DACH, Benelux, France, Iberia, Nordics (except Finland), Poland, Czech Republic. Business hours 9 AM – 5:30 PM CET, with a longer lunch (12:30 – 2 PM) in southern countries. Winter: CET (UTC+1); summer: CEST (UTC+2). Big lag against North America — early morning CET overlaps late night ET.
UTC is the reference offset — not a civil timezone anywhere, but the standard for aviation ("Zulu time"), server logs, astronomy, and cross-timezone team calendars. When distributed engineering teams schedule "the daily standup at 15:00 UTC" they're dodging the DST-flip mess entirely.
Time gap: UTC is 1.0 hours behind CET (standard-time offsets — daylight-saving flips shift this by an hour twice a year in most northern-hemisphere zones).